甘油的化學(xué)性質(zhì),質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及用途

無(wú)色、透明、無(wú)臭、粘稠液體，味甜，具有吸濕性。 與水和乙醇混溶，水溶液為中性。溶于11倍的乙酸乙酯，約500倍的乙。不溶于苯、氯仿、*、二硫化碳、石油醚、油類。
熔點(diǎn)  20 °C(lit.) 
沸點(diǎn)  290 °C 
密度  1.261 
蒸氣密度 3.1 (vs air)

GB/T 687-94
項(xiàng)目Item                                                                   分析純     化學(xué)純
                                                                                   (AR)        (CP)
含量(C₃H₈O)Assay,%                                           ≥99.0      97.0
色度，黑曾單位Color                                               ≤10        30
酸度(以H⁺計(jì))Acidity,m mol/100g                          ≤0.05      0.1
堿度(以O(shè)H^-計(jì))Alkalinity,m mol/100g                   ≤0.03      0.06
灼燒殘?jiān)?以硫酸鹽計(jì))Ignition residue,%            ≤0.001     0.005
氯化物(Cl)Chloride,%                                             ≤0.0001    0.001
硫酸鹽(SO₄)Sulfate,%                                             ≤0.0005    0.001
銨(NH₄)Ammonium,%                                            ≤0.0005    0.001
砷(As)Ansenic,%                                                      ≤0.00005   0.0002
重金屬(以Pb計(jì))Heavy metals,%                           ≤0.0001    0.0005
脂肪酸酯(以甘油三丁酯計(jì))Aliphatic ester                ≤0.05      0.1
蔗糖和葡萄糖Cane sugar and glucose                       合格      合格
還原銀物質(zhì)Substances reducing silver                     合格      合格
硫酸試驗(yàn)Substances darkened by sulfuric acid             合格      合格


項(xiàng)目名稱Item                                           ACS Grade
                                                    （ACS, ≥99.5%）
含量(以體積計(jì)CH₂OHCHOHCH₂OH)Assay                      ≥99.5%
色度，黑曾單位Color(APHA)                              ≤10
灼燒殘?jiān)黂esidue after ignition                         ≤0.005%
酸堿度試驗(yàn)Neutrality                                   Passes test
氯化合物(Cl)Chloride compounds(as Cl)                  ≤0.003%
硫酸鹽(SO₄)Sulfate                                     ≤0.001%
葡萄糖Acrolein and glucose                     Passes test
脂肪酸酯(以丁酸計(jì))Fatty acid esters(as butyric acid)   ≤0.05%
易炭化物質(zhì)Substances Darkened by sulfuric acid         Passes test
重金屬(以Pb計(jì))Heavy metals(as Pb)                      ≤2ppm
水分(H₂O)Water                                         ≤0.5%

項(xiàng)目                                    分子生物學(xué)級(jí)
                                （for molecular biology, ≥99%) 
外觀Appearance                          Clear Colorless Liquid
純度Purity(GC)                          ≥99.0%
重金屬Heavy Metal(as Lead)              ≤5 ppm
水溶性Solubility                        Clear, colorless solution, 1 mL/mL in H2O.
DNA酶DNAse, Exonuclease Detection       none detected 
RND酶RNases,                            none detected  
磷酸酶phosphatases,                     none detected 
蛋白酶proteases by FITC-Casein          none detected 
核酸內(nèi)切酶NICKase,Endonuclease DetectionNone Detected
鐵Iron by ICP                           ≤5 ppm
鎂Magnesium by ICP                      ≤5 ppm


品級(jí)Grade                               電泳級(jí)  
                                   (for electrophoresis, ≥99%) 
外觀Appearance                          Clear  Colorless Liquid 
純度Purity(GC)                          ≥99.0%   
重金屬Heavy Metals (as Lead)            ≤5 ppm 
硫酸根Sulfate (SO4)                     ≤0.005 % 
含氯化合物Chlorinated Compounds         ≤0.005 % 
電泳測(cè)試TEST FOR ELECTROPHORESIS         pass


品級(jí)Grade                               細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)級(jí)   
                               (for cell culture, for insect cell culture, ≥99%(GC)) 
外觀Appearance                           Colorless Viscous Liquid
純度Purity(GC)                           ≥99.0%   
水溶性Solubility                         Clear Colorless 1ML/ML IN H2O 
重金屬Heavy Metals(as Pb)                ≤5 ppm 
細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)測(cè)試Cell culture test             pass
昆蟲(chóng)細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)測(cè)試Insect cell culture test  pass


品級(jí)Grade                                光譜純   
                                  (for spectroscopy, ≥99.5%)
外觀Appearance                           Colorless Liquid 
Infrared spectrum                        Conforms to Structure
純度Purity(GC)                           ≥99.5%  
λ                                   H2O reference 
UV Absorbance 400nm                      ≤0.01 
UV Absorbance 340nm                      ≤0.01 
UV Absorbance 320nm                      ≤0.02 
UV Absorbance 280nm                      ≤0.05 
UV Absorbance 225nm                      ≤0.10 
UV Absorbance 210nm                      ≤0.30 
UV Absorbance 205nm                      ≤1.0 
水分Water (by Karl Fischer)              ≤0.10 % 


品級(jí)Grade                                色譜純   
                                  (for HPLC, ≥99.5%)
外觀Appearance                           Colorless Liquid 
Infrared spectrum                        Conforms to Structure
純度Purity(GC)                           ≥99.5%  
λ                                   H2O reference 
UV Absorbance 400nm                      ≤0.01 
UV Absorbance 340nm                      ≤0.01 
UV Absorbance 320nm                      ≤0.02 
UV Absorbance 280nm                      ≤0.05 
UV Absorbance 225nm                      ≤0.10 
UV Absorbance 210nm                      ≤0.30 
UV Absorbance 205nm                      ≤1.0 
水分Water (by Karl Fischer)              ≤0.10 % 
灼燒殘?jiān)黂esidue after ignition           ≤0.005%



項(xiàng)目                                                   優(yōu)級(jí)純   
                                                        (GR)
純度Purity                                             ≥99.5%
折光率Refractive index n20/D                           ≥1.4731 
水分water                                              ≤0.3% 
酸堿度Fatty acids &esters (ml0.1N NaOH/25g)            ≤0.2 
色澤colour Shade                                       ≤5 APHA
相對(duì)密度Specific gravity (20/20°C)                    ≥1.2623 
酯esters (ml 0.1 N HCI/25g)                            ≥8.0 
糖Sugars2                                              Negative 
鹵化物Halogenated cpd(as CI)2 　                       ≤5 ppm
重金屬Heavy metals(as Pb)                              ≤1ppm 
灰分Sulphates ppm                                      ≤0.01% 


品級(jí)Grade                        USP級(jí)
Identification                 PASSES TEST 
Specific gravity               ≤1.249 ,25°C 
Color Test                     PASSES TEST 
Residue on ignition            ≤ 0.01% 
Chloride                       ≤0.001% 
Sulfate                        ≤ 0.002% 
Heavy Metals                   ≤ 5 PPM 
Chlorine Compounds (AS CL)     ≤ 0.003%
Origanic Volatile              PASSES TEST 
Fatty Acid Esters              ≤ 1 ML 
H2O                            ≤ 5.0%  (KARL FISCHER TITRATION") 
Total impurities               ≤ 1.0% 
Diethylene glycol              ≤ 0.1%
Individual impurities          ≤ 0.1%  
  (EXCLUDING DIETHYLENE GLYCOL GLYCOL & RELATED CMPDS INCLUDING DIETHYLENE GLYCOL)
Purity                         99.0% - 101.0% C3H8O3 (ANHYDROUS BASIS) 


≥99%, FCC:


外觀Appearance                          Colorless Viscous Liquid 
紅外光譜鑒別Infrared spectrometry       Conforms to Structure
純度Purity(GC)                          ≥99.0%
相對(duì)密度Specific gravity (20/20°C)     1.2490 - 1.2510
色度Color Test                          Pass 
灼燒殘?jiān)黂esidue on ignition (Ash)       ≤0.01 % 
熱硫酸碳化物質(zhì)Subs Carbonizable by Hot H2SO4     Pass 
雜項(xiàng)檢測(cè)Miscellaneous Assay             Pass 
含氯化合物Chlorine Compounds            ≤0.003 %  
砷Arsenic (As)                          ≤3 ppm 
鎘Cadmium (Cd)                          ≤1 ppm 
汞Mercury (Hg)                          ≤1 ppm 
鉛Lead (Pb)                             ≤10 ppm

是制造醋酸甘油、表面活性劑、香精、醇酸樹(shù)脂和酯膠等的原料，可直接用于防凍液、化妝品、油墨等 
用作基本有機(jī)化工原料，廣泛用于醫(yī)藥、食品、日用化學(xué)、紡織、造紙、油漆等行業(yè)

類別 易燃液體 
毒性分級(jí) 中毒 
危險(xiǎn)品標(biāo)志  F,Xn 
危險(xiǎn)類別碼  36-20/21/22-11 
安全說(shuō)明  24/25-39-26 
危險(xiǎn)品運(yùn)輸編號(hào)  UN 1282 3/PG 2 
急性毒性 口服- 大鼠 LD50:26000 毫克/ 公斤; 口服- 小鼠 LD50: 4090 毫克/ 公斤 
刺激數(shù)據(jù) 皮膚- 兔子 500 毫克/ 24小時(shí)  輕度; 眼睛 -兔子 126 毫克  輕度 
爆炸物危險(xiǎn)特性 與鉻酸酐、氯酸鉀、高錳酸鉀作用可爆炸 
可燃性危險(xiǎn)特性 遇明火、高溫、強(qiáng)氧化劑可燃; 燃燒排放刺激煙霧 
儲(chǔ)運(yùn)特性 庫(kù)房通風(fēng)低溫干燥 
滅火劑 泡沫、干粉、二氧化碳、砂土、霧狀水 
職業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn) TWA 15 毫克/ 立方米